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Living Shoreline Guidance
General Guidance
SAGE (Systems Approach to Geomorphic Engineering)
NOAA Fisheries
NOAA Habitat Blueprint
NOAA Digital Coastal
Restore Americas Estuaries
RAE’s Coastal Restoration Toolkit
Engineering with Nature
Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) Center for Coastal Resources Management
Maryland Department of Natural Resources
Texas General Land Office
Gulf of America Alliance
National Wildlife Federation
Florida Guidance
Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium
- Living Shorelines in Gulf Coast States
Florida Department of Environmental Protection
Pensacola and Perdido Bays Estuary Program
Sarasota Bay Estuary Program
Broward County
- Resilient Shorelines – Seawall Replacement Alternatives to Provide Flood Protection and Enhance Habitat and Property Value
The Nature Conservancy
Partnership for Plastic-free Restoration of Oyster Shorelines (PROS)
University of Florida IFAS Extension
Northwest Florida Water Management District
Other Gulf States Guidance
Texas
Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium
Texas General Land Office
The Nature Conservancy
Living Shoreline Suitability Models
Florida Models
- Cedar Key Living Shoreline Suitability Model
- Choctawhatchee Bay. Boyd, C. A and X. Niu. 2023. Oyster Habitat Suitability Model in Choctawhatchee Bay, Florida. On-line Decision Support Viewer.
- Gulf of Mexico Living Shoreline Suitability Models
- Pensacola Bay. Boyd, C. A., X. Niu, and T. R. Horn. 2022. The Pensacola Bay Watershed Living Shoreline Suitability Model Operators Manual. For National Fish and Wildlife Foundation National Coastal Resilience Grant ID: 0318.20.069548.
- Pensacola Bay. Boyd, C. A. and X. Niu. 2022. Pensacola Bay Living Shoreline Suitability Model. On-line Decision Support Viewer.
- Pensacola Bay. Boyd, C. A., T. R. Horn, and X. Niu. 2022. A Living Shoreline Suitability Model for Pensacola Bay. An alternative to traditional shoreline management. ArcGIS Story Map. For National Fish and Wildlife Foundation National Coastal Resilience Grant ID: 0318.20.069548.
- Perdido Bay Ono Island. AL S. Jones, C. Boyd, D. Tidwell. 2020. Perdido Bay Ono Island, AL Shore Best Management Practice Viewer Version 5.1.
- Perdido Bay. Boyd, C. A. and X. Niu. 2023. Perdido Bay, Florida Living Shoreline Suitability Model. On-line Decision Support Viewer
- Tampa Bay Living Shoreline Suitability Model Results web map and story map
Other Models
- Galveston Bay. Rudnicky, T., H. Leija, L. A. Wilde, M. B Berman, and C. A. Boyd. 2020. Galveston Bay Shoreline Protection Map Viewer. Galveston Bay Foundation.
- Gulf Online Mapping Open Data Platform
- Lake Pontchartrain. Niu, X., C. A. Boyd, and T. Rudnicky. 2020. Lake Pontchartrain Living Shorelines Protection Model v.5.1 Viewer.
- Mobile Bay. S. Jones, C. Boyd, and D. Tidwell. 2016. Mobile Bay Living Shoreline Protection Model Viewer Version 3.0.
Foundational Literature
- The tide doesn’t go out anymore – the effect of bulkheads on urban bay shorelines, 1999. Douglass, S.L. and B.H. Pickel.
- Management, policy, science and engineering of nonstructural erosion control in the Chesapeake Bay. 2006. Proceedings of the 2006 Living Shoreline Summit. CRC Publ. No. 08-164, Gloucester Point, VA. (136pp.)
- Mitigating Shore Erosion Along Sheltered Coasts. 2007. National Research Council. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press (188 pp.).
- The importance of habitat created by molluscan shellfish to managed species along the Atlantic coast of the United States, 2007. Coen, L.D. and R.E. Grizzle. Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission, Habitat Management Series #8.
- A Living Shoreline Initiative for the Florida Panhandle: Taking a Softer Approach. 2007. Ray-Culp, M. National Wetlands Newsletter. Vol 29: 6.
- Effects of coastal development on nearshore estuarine nekton communities. 2008. Bilkovic. D.M. and M.M. Roggero. 2008. Marine Ecology Progress Series. Vol. 358: 27-39.
- Rethinking Living shorelines, 2012. Pilkey, O.H., N. Longo, R. Young, and A. Coburn. 2012. Program for the Study of Developed Shorelines, Western Carolina University.
- Restoring Gulf Oyster Reefs. 2012. Stokes, S., S. Wunderink, M. Lowe, and Gereffi. Duke Center on Globalization, Governance & Competitiveness.
- Living shorelines: coastal resilience with a blue carbon benefit, 2015. Davis, J.L., C.A. Currin, C. O’Brien, C. Raffenburg, A. Davis. 2015. PLoS ONE 10(11): e0142595.
- Living shorelines – the science and management of nature-based coastal protection, 2017. Editors: D.M. Bilkovic, M/M. Mitchell, M.K. La Peyre, and J.D. Toft. CRC Press (519 pp.)
- Oyster Restoration Workgroup website, including guidance on design and monitoring, funding opportunities, and the latest shellfish research.
Training
Glossary
- Fetch – The unobstructed distance that wind travels over a body of water in a constant direction, which directly influences wave generation and size
- Marine mattress – A habitat restoration method that uses geosynthetic or concrete mattresses to protect shorelines and submerged infrastructure while also providing a stable, eco-friendly surface for marine life to colonize and thrive
- Sill – A low-elevation, shore-parallel structure made of materials like stone or logs, designed to reduce wave energy and hold sand or soil, creating a protected area for planting and establishing tidal marshes or other vegetation
